细胞能量

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NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) 440mg

NMN is a naturally occurring molecule essential for the body's synthesis of NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide). This coenzyme is pivotal for mitochondrial function, the cellular powerhouses responsible for converting food and oxygen into energy. Insufficient NAD+ levels may result in cellular energy depletion.

Nicotinic Acid (Niacin) 7mg

Nicotinic Acid, commonly known as Niacin, supports cardiovascular health. Additionally, Niacin aids in energy metabolism, facilitating the conversion of food into energy, and contributes to the maintenance of healthy skin, nerves, and digestive function.

Nicotinamide 7mg

Nicotinamide, a form of vitamin B3, inhibits key longevity-promoting proteins called Sirtuins within cells. Sirtuins are crucial NAD+-dependent enzymes involved in cellular metabolism and repair processes. Nicotinamide can undergo a two-step conversion process via the salvage pathway to generate NAD+. NAD+ is indispensable for energy metabolism, particularly crucial for mitochondrial function, the cellular sites responsible for energy production from food and oxygen.

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+)

NAD+ is a crucial coenzyme present in all our cells, essential for metabolizing nutrients from food. Its interaction with proteins offers various benefits, including DNA and cell repair. NAD+ is particularly vital for the functioning of mitochondria, the cellular powerhouses responsible for converting food and oxygen into energy. In simple terms, NAD+ undergoes a process where it accepts an electron from one molecule to become NADH. Subsequently, NADH donates the electron to another molecule, reverting back to NAD+, facilitating enzymatic activity crucial for maintaining bodily health.

NAD+ and Clinical Studies

Although the body can produce NAD+, human clinical studies indicate a decline in this ability with age. By age 50, NAD levels are typically half of what they were at age 20, with this decline beginning as early as our 30s. NAD+ can be synthesized from the amino acid tryptophan or via salvage pathways, requiring a preformed pyridine ring.

Synthesis from Nicotinamide and Nicotinamide

Synthesis from Nicotinamide and Nicotinamide Riboside involves a two-step process, where Nicotinamide is converted to NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) by phosphoribosyl transferase. Synthesis from Nicotinic Acid follows a three-step process through the Preiss-Handler pathway. Initially, it is converted into Nicotinic Acid Mononucleotide, then further into Nicotinic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide, utilizing both Nicotinamide and Nicotinic Acid substrates. NAD+ is ultimately produced in a reaction catalyzed by NAD synthetase.